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Cyprus
Education
Universities I
Colleges
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Schools
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Private Training I
English
Schools
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Geography |
Location: Middle East, island in the Mediterranean
Sea, south of Turkey
Geographic coordinates: 35 00 N, 33 00 E
Map references: Middle East
Area:
total: 9,250 sq km (of which 3,355 sq km are in
the Turkish Cypriot area)
land: 9,240 sq km
water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative: about 0.6 times the size of
Connecticut
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 648 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of
exploitation
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: temperate, Mediterranean with hot, dry
summers and cool, winters
Terrain: central plain with mountains to north and
south; scattered but significant plains along southern
coast
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Olympus 1,951 m
Natural resources: copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum,
timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment
Land use:
arable land: 12%
permanent crops: 5%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 13%
other: 70% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 390 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: moderate earthquake activity
Environment - current issues: water resource
problems (no natural reservoir catchments, seasonal
disparity in rainfall, sea water intrusion to island's
largest aquifer, increased salination in the north);
water pollution from sewage and industrial wastes;
coastal degradation; loss of wildlife habitats from
urbanization
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered
Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes,
Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: Air
Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
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Background:
Independence from the UK was approved in 1960 with
constitutional guarantees by the Greek Cypriot majority to the
Turkish Cypriot minority. In 1974 a Greek-sponsored attempt to
seize the government was met by military intervention from
Turkey, which soon controlled almost 40% of the island. In 1983
the Turkish-held area declared itself the Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus, but it is recognized only by Turkey. Cyprus
talks resumed in December 1999 to prepare the ground for a
comprehensive settlement.
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People |
Population: 758,363 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 23% (male 91,075; female 86,832)
15-64 years: 66% (male 252,252; female 247,464)
65 years and over: 11% (male 35,149; female
45,591) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.6% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 13.27 births/1,000 population (2000
est.)
Death rate: 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 0.44 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 8.07 deaths/1,000 live births
(2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 76.71 years
male: 74.43 years
female: 79.1 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.95 children born/woman (2000
est.)
Nationality:
noun: Cypriot(s)
adjective: Cypriot
Ethnic groups: Greek 78% (99.5% of the Greeks live
in the Greek Cypriot area; 0.5% of the Greeks live in
the Turkish Cypriot area), Turkish 18% (1.3% of the
Turks live in the Greek Cypriot area; 98.7% of the Turks
live in the Turkish Cypriot area), other 4% (99.2% of
the other ethnic groups live in the Greek Cypriot area;
0.8% of the other ethnic groups live in the Turkish
Cypriot area)
Religions: Greek Orthodox 78%, Muslim 18%,
Maronite, Armenian Apostolic, and other 4%
Languages: Greek, Turkish, English
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 94%
male: 98%
female: 91% (1987 est.)
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Communications |
Telephones - main lines in use: Greek Cypriot area:
405,000 (1998); Turkish Cypriot area: 70,845
(1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular: Greek Cypriot area:
68,000 (1998); Turkish Cypriot area: 70,000 (1999)
Telephone system: excellent in both the Greek
Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot areas
domestic: open wire, fiber-optic cable, and
microwave radio relay
international: tropospheric scatter; 3 coaxial
and 5 fiber-optic submarine cables; satellite earth
stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian
Ocean), 2 Eutelsat, 2 Intersputnik, and 1 Arabsat
Radio broadcast stations: Greek Cypriot area: AM 7,
FM 60, shortwave 1 (1998); Turkish
Cypriot area: AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios: Greek Cypriot area: 310,000 (1997); Turkish
Cypriot area: 56,450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations: Greek Cypriot area: 4
plus 225 low-power repeaters; Turkish
Cypriot area: 4 plus 5 repeaters (September 1995)
Televisions: Greek Cypriot area: 248,000 (1997);
Turkish Cypriot area: 52,300 (1994)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 5 (1999)
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Transportation |
Railways: 0 km
Highways:
total: Greek Cypriot area: 10,663 km (1998
est.); Turkish Cypriot area: 2,350 km (1996 est.)
paved: Greek Cypriot area: 6,249 km (1998
est.); Turkish Cypriot area: 1,370 km (1996 est.)
unpaved: Greek Cypriot area: 4,414 km
(1998 est.); Turkish Cypriot area: 980 km (1996 est.)
Ports and harbors: Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca,
Limassol, Paphos, Vasilikos
Merchant marine:
total: 1,414 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
23,497,776 GRT/37,331,506 DWT
ships by type: barge carrier 2, bulk 442, cargo 495,
chemical tanker 22, combination bulk 40, combination
ore/oil 8, container 144, liquified gas 6, passenger 8,
petroleum tanker 142, refrigerated cargo 41,
roll-on/roll-off 45, short-sea passenger 13, specialized
tanker 4, vehicle carrier 2 (1999 est.)
note: a flag of convenience registry; includes
ships from 37 countries among which are Greece 611,
Germany 129, Russia 49, Latvia 278, Netherlands 20,
Japan 28, Cuba 16, China 15, Hong Kong 13, and Poland 15
(1998 est.)
Airports: 15 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 12
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 1 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 2 (1999 est.)
Heliports: 6 (1999 est.) |
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